Infection, bleeding, and thromboembolic events appear to be the leading predictors of mortality during hospital stays in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), according to research presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2022.

The researchers used the Nationwide Readmissions Database to conduct a retrospective cohort study of patients with MM admitted to hospitals across the United States between 2016 and 2018. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of unplanned readmissions within 30 days and mortality. The team also evaluated total charge for the index hospitalization.

A total of 20,362 patients with MM were hospitalized during the study period. Of those, 25.5% were readmitted within the next 30 days. The mean length of hospital stay was 10 days (95% CI, 10.40-10.70). The total charge for the index hospitalization was $120,630 (USD; 95% CI, 118 456-122 804).

The researchers identified tumor lysis syndrome (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07-1.64; P <.01), chronic kidney disease (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.12-1.28; P <.01), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.19; P <.01) as predictors of early readmission.

The in-hospital mortality rate for patients with MM was 6.54%. Among 14 factors evaluated, all were associated with in-hospital mortality. The most strongly associated predictors were sepsis (OR, 6.00; 95% CI, 5.17-6.97; P <.01), disseminated intravascular coagulation (OR, 4.05; 95% CI, 2.64-6.21; P <.01), failure to thrive (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 2.37-3.45; P <.01), cytomegalovirus infection (OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.24-6.10; P <.01), acute stroke (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.32-4.09; P <.01), pulmonary embolism (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.40-3.35; P <.01), acute kidney injury (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.57-2.02; P <.01), and bleeding (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.43-2.09; P <.01).

Predictors of Mortality During Hospital Stays in Patients With Multiple Myeloma

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