Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas

Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) may confer survival benefits to some patients with nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) when given in the first complete remission (CR1), according to a study published in Cancer.

Researchers analyzed data from patients who had any nonindolent subtype of nodal PTCL and who had achieved CR1. Patients were participants in the prospective Comprehensive Oncology Measures for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Treatment (COMPLETE) study. A total of 36 patients were treated with consolidative ASCT in CR1; another 83 patients were not treated with ASCT.

A multivariate analysis showed improved survival with ASCT (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15-0.89; P =.03).

The group receiving ASCT did not reach median overall survival (OS) by the median study follow-up time of 2.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 1.9-4.0). For those not given ASCT, median OS was 57.6 months, but this difference was not statistically significant (P =.06).

Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 57.6 months with ASCT and 47.5 months without ASCT, but this also was not a significant difference (P =.23).

Subgroup analyses revealed some significant differences in outcomes: ASCT was associated with significantly longer OS in patients with International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores ranging from 2 to 4 (P =.02) or with advanced-stage disease (P =.01).

In patients who received ASCT, median OS was not reached among those with IPI scores of 2 to 4 or among those with advanced disease, while median OS was 48.4 months for both subgroups in the cohort that did not receive ASCT. Lower IPI scores and limited disease did not show survival differences with ASCT.

OS was significantly higher for patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) who received ASCT compared with patients with AITL who did not (not reached vs 24.3 months; P <.01). Survival differences with ASCT were not seen for the other examined forms of PTCL.

“These results are of high clinical interest because they provide further guidance for the use of ASCT in patients with nodal PTCL,” the authors stated. The authors recommended using the study’s results to help inform further studies on the clinical utility of ASCT for nodal PTCL.

Disclosures: Some authors have declared affiliations with the pharmaceutical industry. Please refer to the original study for a full list of disclosures.

Reference

1. Park SI, Horwitz SM, Foss FM, et al. The role of autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas in first complete remission: Report from COMPLETE, a prospective, multicenter cohort study [published online January 29, 2019]. Cancer. doi:10.1002/cncr.31861

This article originally appeared on Hematology Advisor