HIV Infection and Cancer Risk (Fact Sheet)

How does NCI support research on HIV/AIDS-related cancers?

The Office of HIV and AIDS Malignancy (OHAM) coordinates and oversees NCI-sponsored research on AIDS-related cancers and HIV/AIDS. OHAM also acts as a point of contact for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of AIDS Research (OAR).

OHAM has two programs:

• The AIDS Malignancy Program, which has primary responsibility for identifying new initiatives; for sponsoring international activities, such as the Strengthening Capacity for Research for HIV-Associated Malignancies in Africa initiative; and for overseeing programs that NCI co-manages with other NIH institutes, such as the Centers for AIDS Research, the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, the Women’s Interagency HIV Study, and the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDSE.
• The AIDS Cancer Clinical Program, which has primary responsibility for overseeing clinical programs in OHAM, including the AIDS Malignancy Consortium and the AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource.

The two intramural divisions of NCI, the Center for Cancer Research (CCR) and the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), conduct research on both HIV and HIV/AIDS-associated cancer. For example, DCEG is conducting the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study, which uses data previously collected by public health agencies to examine cancer risk in people with HIV. Nearly all other NCI divisions, offices, and centers also support HIV/AIDS research.

Selected References

1. Grulich AE, van Leeuwen MT, Falster MO, Vajdic CM. Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2007; 370(9581):59–67. [PubMed Abstract]

2. Hernández-Ramírez RU, Shiels MS, Dubrow R, Engels EA. Cancer risk in HIV-infected people in the USA from 1996 to 2012: a population-based, registry-linkage study. Lancet HIV 2017 Aug 10. pii: S2352-3018(17)30125-X. [PubMed Abstract]

3. Wang CC, Silverberg MJ, Abrams DI. Non-AIDS-defining malignancies in the HIV-infected population. Current Infectious Disease Reports 2014; 16(6):406. [PubMed Abstract]

4. Silverberg MJ, Lau B, Achenbach CJ, et al. Cumulative incidence of cancer among persons with HIV in North America: A cohort study. Annals of Internal Medicine 2015; 163(7):507-518. [PubMed Abstract]

5. Coghill AE, Shiels MS, Suneja G, Engels EA. Elevated cancer-specific mortality among HIV-infected patients in the United States. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015; 33(21):2376-2383. [PubMed Abstract]

6. Coghill AE, Pfeiffer RM, Shiels MS, Engels EA. Excess mortality among HIV-infected individuals with cancer in the United States. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2017 Jun 15. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0964. [PubMed Abstract]

7. Shiels MS, Cole SR, Kirk GD, Poole C. A meta-analysis of the incidence of non-AIDS cancers in HIV-infected individuals. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2009; 52(5):611-22. [PubMed Abstract]

8. Dubrow R, Silverberg MJ, Park LS, Crothers K, Justice AC. HIV infection, aging, and immune function: implications for cancer risk and prevention. Current Opinion in Oncology 2012; 24(5):506-16 [PubMed Abstract]

9. Goncalves PH, Montezuma-Rusca JM, Yarchoan R, Uldrick TS. Cancer prevention in HIV-infected populations. Semininars in Oncology 2016; 43(1):173-188. [PubMed Abstract]

10. Powles T, Macdonald D, Nelson M, Stebbing J. Hepatocellular cancer in HIV-infected individuals: tomorrow’s problem? Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 2006; 6(11):1553–1558. [PubMed Abstract]

11. Angeletti PC, Zhang L, Wood C. The viral etiology of AIDS-associated malignancies. Advances in Pharmacology 2008; 56:509–557.

12. Silverberg MJ, Abrams DI. AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining malignancies: cancer occurrence in the antiretroviral therapy era. Current Opinion in Oncology 2007; 19(5):446–451. [PubMed Abstract]

13. Grogg KL, Miller RF, Dogan A. HIV infection and lymphoma. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2007; 60(12):1365–1372. [PubMed Abstract]

14. Park LS, Hernández-Ramírez RU, Silverberg MJ, Crothers K, Dubrow R. Prevalence of non-HIV cancer risk factors in persons living with HIV/AIDS: a meta-analysis. AIDS 2016; 30(2):273-291. [PubMed Abstract]

15. Robbins HA, Shiels MS, Pfeiffer RM, Engels EA. Epidemiologic contributions to recent cancer trends among HIV-infected people in the United States. AIDS 2014; 28(6):881–890. [PubMed Abstract]

16. Macdonald DC, Nelson M, Bower M, Powles T. Hepatocellular carcinoma, human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis in the HAART era. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008; 14(11):1657–1663. [PubMed Abstract]

17. McGinnis KA, Fultz SL, Skanderson M, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the roles of HIV, hepatitis C infection, and alcohol abuse. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2006; 24(31):5005–5009. [PubMed Abstract]

18. Naggie S, Cooper C, Saag M, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for HCV in patients coinfected with HIV-1. New England Journal of Medicine 2015; 373(8):705-713. [PubMed Abstract]

19. Wyles DL, Ruane PJ, Sulkowski MS, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for HCV in patients coinfected with HIV-1. New England Journal of Medicine 2015; 373(8):714-725. [PubMed Abstract]

20. Robbins HA, Strickler HD, Massad LS, et al. Cervical cancer screening intervals and management for women living with HIV: a risk benchmarking approach. AIDS 2017; 31(7):1035-1044. [PubMed Abstract]

21. Goldie SJ, Kuntz KM, Weinstein MC, et al. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in homosexual and bisexual HIV-positive men. Journal of the American Medical Association 1999; 281(19):1822–1829. [PubMed Abstract]

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